Proteomic analysis of the compatible interaction between Vitis vinifera and Plasmopara viticola

We analyzed the proteome of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) leaves 24, 48 and 96 h post infection (hpi) with the downy mildew pathogen Plasmopara viticola. Total proteins were separated on 2-DE gels. By MS analysis, we identified 82 unique grapevine proteins differentially expressed after infection. Upregulated proteins were often included in the functional categories of general metabolism and stress response, while proteins related to photosynthesis and energy production were mostly downregulated. As expected, the activation of a defense reaction was observed more often at the late time point, consistent with the establishment of a compatible interaction. Most proteins involved in resistance were isoforms of different PR-10 pathogenesis-related proteins. Although > 50 differentially expressed protein isoforms were observed at 24 and 96 hpi, only 18 were detected at 48 hpi and no defense-related proteins were among this group. This profile suggests a transient breakdown in defense responses accompanying the onset of disease, further supported by gene expression analyses and by a western blot analysis of a PR-10 protein. Our data reveal the complex modulation of plant metabolism and defense responses during compatible interactions, and provide insight into the underlying molecular processes which may eventually yield novel strategies for pathogen control in the field.

Distribution of modulated proteins in compatible interaction between Vitis vinifera and Plasmopara viticolaFigure optionsDownload high-quality image (22 K)Download as PowerPoint slideHighlights
► The proteome of grapevine was investigated early after infection with Plasmopara viticola.
► proteins related to photosynthesis and energy production were down-regulated.
► proteins related to defense and carbohydrate metabolism were upregulated.
► a transient breakdown in plant response to the pathogen was observed at 48 hpi
► comparisons with transcriptomic analyses on the same and similar pathosystems are discussed