Spectroscopic and molecular docking studies on the interaction of the drug olanzapine with calf thymus DNA

• Site marker competitive experiment showed that olanzapine was located in minor groove.
• Hydrogen bonding and weak van der Waals force played major roles in the interaction.
• The experimental results were in agreement with the molecular docking study.

The present study investigated the binding interaction between olanzapine and calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) using emission, absorption, circular dichroism, viscosity measurements and molecular modeling. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH < 0 and ΔS < 0) indicated that hydrogen bond and van der Waals play main roles in the binding of the drug to ct-DNA. Spectrophotometric studies of the interaction of olanzapine with DNA have shown that it could bind to ct-DNA (Kb = 2 × 103 M−1). The binding constant is comparable to standard groove binding drugs. Competitive fluorimetric studies with Hoechst 33258 have shown that olanzapine exhibits the ability to displace the DNA-bound Hoechst 33258 indicating that binds strongly in minor groove of DNA helix. Furthermore, the drug induces detectable changes in the CD spectrum of ct-DNA as well as changes in its viscosity. All of the experimental results prove that the groove binding must be predominant. The results obtained from experimental data were in good agreement with molecular modeling studies.

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