Binding interaction of bioactive imidazole with bovine serum albumin—A mechanistic investigation

A novel Y-shaped imidazole derivative 4-((E)-2-(4,5-diphenyl-1-p-tolyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)vinyl)phenol has been synthesized and characterised by IR, UV–vis, mass and NMR spectral techniques. The mutual interaction of this imidazole derivative (DPTIV) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated using photoluminescent studies. The fluorescence quenching mechanism of BSA by DPTIV was analyzed and the binding constant has been calculated. The binding distance between DPTIV and BSA was obtained based on the theory of Forester's non-radiation energy transfer. The effect of some common ions on the binding constant between DPTIV and BSA was also examined.

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► FRET: emission band position of donor and acceptor are very close – characteristic of FRET.
► Energy transfer: energy transfer studies – electrostatic interaction between BSA and imidazole.
► Synchronous fluorescence: aromatic hydroxyl group in tyrosine – interaction of BSA with imidazole.
► Calculation of binding parameters: number of binding sites n and binding constant KA can be obtained.