The neoglycolipid (NGL)-based oligosaccharide microarray system poised to decipher the meta-glycome

• Carbohydrate microarrays are essential tools in glycobiology to unravel glycan–protein interactions.
• This review is focused on the neoglycolipid-based microarray system.
• Applications include ligand-discovery for pathogen and endogenous proteins and antibodies.
• Important aspects of other glycolipid-containing arrays are also discussed.

The neoglycolipid (NGL) technology is the basis of a state-of-the-art oligosaccharide microarray system. The NGL-based microarray system in the Glycosciences Laboratory Imperial College London (http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/glycosciences) is one of the two leading platforms for glycan microarrays, being offered for screening analyses to the broad biomedical community. Highlighted in this review are the sensitivity of the analysis system and, coupled with mass spectrometry, the provision for generating ‘designer’ microarrays from glycomes to identify novel ligands of biological relevance. Among recent applications are assignments of ligands for apicomplexan parasites, pandemic 2009 influenza virus, polyoma and reoviruses, an innate immune receptor against fungal pathogens, Dectin-1, and a novel protein of the endoplasmic reticulum, malectin; also the characterization of an elusive cancer-associated antigen. Some other contemporary advances in glycolipid-containing arrays and microarrays are also discussed.

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