Numerical model for the performance prediction of a PEM fuel cell. Model results and experimental validation

This work presents a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model developed for a 50 cm2 fuel cell with parallel and serpentine flow field bipolar plates, and its validation against experimental measurements. The numerical CFD model was developed using the commercial ANSYS FLUENT software, and the results obtained were compared with the experimental results in order to perform a model validation. A single parameter, namely the reference exchange current density, was fitted to calibrate the model results. All other model parameters were determined from technical data sheets, literature survey, or experimental measurements. A discussion on different validation issues and model parameters is provided. The results of the numerical model show a good agreement with the experimental measurements for the different bipolar plates and range of operating conditions analysed. However, inaccuracies in the results in the mass-transport polarization region were observed, presumably when liquid water in the channels produces a blockage effect that cannot be modelled with the multiphase flow model currently implemented.