Hydrogen production by steam reforming of liquefied natural gas (LNG) over mesoporous nickel–phosphorus–alumina aerogel catalyst

• Hydrogen was produced by steam reforming of liquefied natural gas (LNG).
• Ni–P–Al2O3 aerogel (NPAA) was prepared by sol–gel and supercritical drying methods.
• Ni–P–Al2O3 xerogel (NPAX) was prepared by sol–gel and evaporative drying methods.
• NPAA catalyst showed a better catalytic performance than NPAX catalyst.

A mesoporous nickel–phosphorus–alumina aerogel catalyst (NPAA) was prepared by a single-step epoxide-driven sol–gel method and a subsequent supercritical CO2 drying method for use in the hydrogen production by steam reforming of liquefied natural gas (LNG). In order to investigate the effect of drying method of nickel–phosphorus–alumina catalysts on their physicochemical properties and catalytic activities, a mesoporous nickel–phosphorus–alumina xerogel catalyst (NPAX) was also prepared by a single-step epoxide-driven sol–gel method and a subsequent evaporative drying method for comparison purpose. It was found that supercritical CO2 drying method was effective for enhancing textural properties of NPAA catalyst. Although both NPAX and NPAA catalysts retained surface nickel aluminate phase, NPAA catalyst showed stronger metal-support interaction than NPAX catalyst. XRD patterns of reduced NPAX and NPAA catalysts revealed that NPAA catalyst retained smaller metallic nickel crystallite than NPAX catalysts. It was also observed that the reduced NPAA catalyst exhibited high nickel dispersion, large amount of strong hydrogen-binding sites, and large amount of methane adsorption compared to the reduced NPAX catalyst. In the steam reforming of LNG, NPAA catalyst with high affinity toward methane showed a better catalytic performance than NPAX catalyst.

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