The study on transient characteristic of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack during dynamic loading

The operations of fuel cell stacks in fuel cell vehicle are dynamic. During dynamic loading, the oxidant starvation often occurs, due to the gas response rate lagging the loading rate. To study the transient behavior of the fuel cell stack at load changes, the measuring methods of current and temperature distribution are developed. In this paper, the current distribution and temperature distribution as well as their dynamic changes in fuel cell stack have been evaluated in situ. The experimental results show that the local current and temperature rise when load rapidly. The extent of temperature fluctuation during dynamic loading is significantly influenced by air stoichiometries, loading rates, and air relative humidities. When air stoichiometry is very low, the temperature of cathode inlet rises sharply. The quicker the loading rate is, the bigger the extent of temperature fluctuation is. With increasing air relative humidity, the transient temperature of cathode inlet rises, while the transient temperature of cathode outlet decreases. This paper will provide reference for durability researches on fuel cell vehicles (FCVs).