Facile approach to synthesize CuO/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite as anode materials for lithium-ion battery

An efficient synthesis is used for the first time to prepare CuO/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite anode materials for lithium ion batteries. Initially, copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles are synthesized via a simple, facile and inexpensive microwave-assisted method within short reaction times (<20 min) and subsequent heat treatment at 500 °C for 5 h. The obtained pure CuO nanoparticles are mixed with 10 wt% of graphene nanosheets by the use of spex mill for 1 min. By short-time spex-milling, a unique CuO/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite is obtained with a microstructure of multi-scale CuO nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in a graphene matrix. The synthesized samples are characterized using X-ray diffraction and field-emission transmission electron microscopy studies. The spex-milled nanocomposite anode exhibits better electrochemical performance with higher reversible capacity and excellent cyclability in comparison with pure CuO nanoparticles. The initial discharge capacity of the pure CuO nanoparticles and their nanocomposite are 785.2 mAh g−1 and 1043.3 mAh g−1 with reversible capacity retention of 392.1 mAh g−1 and 516.4 mAh g−1 after 45 cycles respectively. The excellent electrochemical performance of CuO/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite can be attributed to their unique structures, which intimately combine the conductive graphene nanosheets network with uniformly dispersed CuO nanoparticles.

► Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were synthesized by low cost facile microwave-assisted method.
► Nanocomposite was synthesized by short-time spex-milling of CuO and 10 wt% graphene nanosheets.
► Nanocomposite anode exhibited high rate capability and excellent cyclic stability.
► Excellent performance can be attributed to synergistic effect between CuO and reduced graphene.
► Simple, low cost and short-time synthesis is attractive for practical application in large scale.