A simple method to synthesize graphene at 633 K by dechlorination of hexachlorobenzene on Cu foils

A modified chemical vapor deposition method to synthesize graphene at 360 °C is described. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) was used as carbon source, and copper foils were used as not only the substrates for graphene deposition but also the catalyst to HCB dechlorination. The possible growth mechanism was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Enhancement of HCB dechlorination by copper played a key role in synthesis of graphene at such a low temperature.