Formation of nanostructured fluorapatite via microwave assisted solution combustion synthesis

• Microwave assisted solution combustion synthesis
• Fluorapatite (FA) particles with varied morphology by controlling reaction
• Unique FA nanotubes with “Y” shape inner channel

Fluorapatite (FA) has potential applications in dentistry and orthopedics, but its synthesis procedures are time consuming. The goal of the present study is to develop a quick microwave assisted solution combustion synthesis method (MASCS) for the production of FA particles. With this new processing, FA particles were successfully synthesized in minutes. Additionally, unique structures including nanotubes, hexagonal crystals, nanowhiskers, and plate agglomerates were prepared by controlling the solution composition and reaction time. In particular, the as-synthesized FA nanotubes presented a “Y” shape inner channel along the crystal axis. It is supposed that the channel formation is caused by the crystal growth and removal of water soluble salts during processing. The as-synthesized FA nanotubes showed good cytocompatibility, the cells cultured with a higher FA concentration demonstrated greater growth rate. With this new and easily applied MASCS processing application, FA nanoparticles have increased potential in dental and orthopedic applications.