The effects of incomplete combustion on Ba2Ti9O20 phase formation in a citrate solution combustion method

In this work, pure Ba2Ti9O20 (B2T9) ceramics phases are prepared at 1300 °C after precursor solution combustion, powders calcination and sintering. The effects of incomplete combustion on B2T9 formation during the citrate solution combustion (CSC) process were studied. Different precursor solutions were designed and prepared to control the completeness of combustion. The results showed complete combustion product facilitates B2T9 formation; while incomplete combustion product, which is an inhomogeneous Ti-rich amorphous phase, affects the intermediate phase formation after calcining, and finally inhibits B2T9 formation.