Studies on resilience of water networks

Water system integration is one of the most efficient technologies for saving fresh water and reducing wastewater. However, the compact connection of water units often leads to insufficient resilience of a water system. In order to counteract the fluctuation of a real production process, a water network must be flexible. Two new concepts, maximum tolerance amount of a water unit (MTaWU) and tolerance amount of a water unit (TaWU) are introduced firstly in this paper. Based on these two concepts, the tolerance amount of a water network (TaWN) is proposed to quantify the resilience of a water network. A case study illustrates that these parameters are countable and straightforward.