Anode growth of DSSCs by flat-flame chemical vapor deposition method

A unique method of flat-flame chemical vapor deposition, to synthesize nanostructured TiO2 film used for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is reported for the first time. This method produces nanostructures of TiO2 exactly ideal for the anode of the DSSCs. Results show that cells have characteristic I–V curves with fill factor typically around 70% and efficiency higher than 4%. A dendrite-like microstructure of anodes accounts for the high efficiency of the cell. The successful formation of dendrite-like microstructure provides a chance for sintering of TiO2 nanoparticles smaller than 20 nm, a possible cell efficiency enhancement by increased dye absorption due to the increased specific surface area of small particles.