Cloning and evolutionary analysis of cyclin B gene introns in cyprinids with different ploidy levels

Partial fragments of the cyclin B gene from triploid, tetraploid, and pentaploid hybrids of red crucian carp × blunt snout bream, blunt snout bream, grass carp, silver carp, and bighead carp were amplified. One DNA fragment was amplified from the blunt snout bream, grass carp, silver carp, and bighead carp (750, 950, 720, and 720 bp, respectively). Two fragments (1200 and 900 bp) were amplified from the red crucian carp, common carp, and allotetraploids. The triploid and pentaploid hybrids yielded three DNA fragments (1200, 900, and 750 bp). The 1200 bp fragment of the allotetraploid crucian carp, triploid, tetraploid, pentaploid hybrids of red crucian carp × blunt snout bream shared 99.5%, 98.9%, 99.5%, and 88.7% homology, respectively, with the maternal DNA. The 900 bp fragment shared 97.5%, 94.6%, 94.2%, and 89.9% homology, respectively. Our results suggest that inheritance is maternally dominated. Furthermore, we observed preferential elimination of the paternal sequences in the allotetraploid hybrids. Based on these sequence analyses we constructed a phylogenetic tree to explain the relationships among the different ploidy levels.