کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
1565740 | 1514208 | 2013 | 15 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Location and chemical bond of radionuclides in neutron-irradiated nuclear graphite
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موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
مهندسی انرژی
انرژی هسته ای و مهندسی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
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چکیده انگلیسی
The locations and the chemical forms (chemical bonds) of radionuclides in neutron-irradiated nuclear graphite have been determined in order to develop principal strategies for the management of graphitic nuclear waste. Due to the relatively low concentration of radionuclides in neutron-irradiated nuclear graphite (<1Â ppm) direct spectroscopic methods are not applicable to investigate chemical structures. Therefore, methods by analogy have been applied. Such methods are investigations of the chemically detectable precursors of radionuclides in neutron-irradiated nuclear graphite and subjection of irradiated graphite to different chemical reactions followed by measurements of the radionuclide-containing reaction products by sensitive radiochemical methods. The paper discusses the applicability of these methods. The radionuclides investigated in this study can be divided into three parts: tritium, radiocarbon and metallic activation and fission products. Tritium can be bound in neutron-irradiated nuclear graphite as strongly adsorbed tritiated water (HTO), in oxygen-containing functional groups (e.g. C-OT) and as hydrocarbons (C-T). Radiocarbon is covalently bound with the graphite structure. The activity can be described by a homogeneously distributed part and a heterogeneously distributed part (enriched on surfaces or in hotspots). Metallic radionuclides can be bound as ions or covalent metal-carbon compounds. The distribution of all these radionuclides is mainly dependent on the distribution of their inactive precursors.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Journal of Nuclear Materials - Volume 438, Issues 1â3, July 2013, Pages 163-177
Journal: Journal of Nuclear Materials - Volume 438, Issues 1â3, July 2013, Pages 163-177
نویسندگان
D. Vulpius, K. Baginski, C. Fischer, B. Thomauske,