Characterization of surface-modified LiMn2O4 cathode materials with indium tin oxide (ITO) coatings and their electrochemical performance

- Indium tin oxide (ITO) is used to modify the surface of LiMn2O4 by a sol-gel method.
- The surface-modified layer was observed at a scale of several nanometers on LiMn2O4.
- The ITO-coated LiMn2O4 shows better capacity retention at 30 and 55 °C than pristine LiMn2O4.