Preparation and the temperature dependence of electromechanical properties of Ca2+-W6+ co-doped Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 ceramics

The Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 ceramics co-doped with Ca2+-W6+ were fabricated by a solid state sintering method. The results showed that small amount of Ca2+-W6+ co-doping decreased the sintering temperature and improved the piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 ceramics. The temperature dependences of piezoelectric, dielectric, elastic properties were investigated from 77 to 377 K. The tetragonal phase Pb[(Zr0.49Ti0.51)0.99(Ca0.5W0.5)0.01]O3 solid solution displayed an excellent thermal stability in the wide temperature range. These results were discussed based on the extrinsic contribution and the low temperature phase transition.