Dielectric investigations of vanadium modified barium zirconium titanate ceramics obtained from mixed oxide method

Vanadium modified barium zirconium titanate ceramics Ba(Zr0.10Ti0.90)O3:2V (BZT:2V) were prepared from the mixed oxide method. According to X-ray diffraction analysis, addition of vanadium leads to ceramics free of secondary phases. Electrical characteristics reveal a dielectric permittivity at around 15,000 with low dielectric loss with a remnant polarization (Pr) of 8 μC/cm2 at 2 kV/cm. From the obtained results, we assume that vanadium substitution in the BZT lattice affects dielectric characteristics due to the electron-relaxation-mode in which carriers (polarons, protons, and so on) are coupled with existing dielectric modes.