Anomalous temperature dependence of the surface tension in liquid silver–lead alloys

The surface tension of liquid silver–lead alloys is discussed with special emphasis on the unusual temperature coefficients apparent at certain concentrations. In contrast to most other liquid alloys silver-rich mixtures of silver–lead adopt positive temperature coefficients. This anomalous behaviour is found to be well explained in terms of Butler's model of surface tension. The phenomenological approach of Bhatia and March was applied in semi-empirical manner in order to achieve agreement with the experimental findings. In view of the high concentration fluctuations of the system – expressed in terms of Scc(0) – the anomalous temperature coefficients find a plausible interpretation. A short critical assessment of the model's general applicability to systems with demixing properties is presented. Qualitatively, both treatments indicate that the unusual temperature dependence of the surface tension is the mere consequence of the thermodynamics of the system.