Nanolaminates – Bioinspired and beyond

• Nanolaminates are identified as a new and interesting class of nanocomposites.
• The nanolaminate structure and its consequences are discussed.
• The mechanical properties of a number of nanolaminates are reviewed.
• The transport properties of a number of nanolaminates are reviewed.
• The novel behavior and exceptional performance of nanolaminates are recognized.

Nanolaminates, consisting of assemblies of well-oriented nanoscopically thin laminae, are an emerging class of nanocomposite materials that represent the convergence of multiple disciplines within materials science on an architecture capable of producing a broad range of interesting behaviors and impressive performance. One source of inspiration for studying these materials has been the observation that nacre, with its so-called “bricks and mortar” structure, is able to achieve high performance in spite of humble beginnings. That said, it is clear that the promise of these materials lies not in reproducing nature, but in learning from it and combining this knowledge with man's greater access to materials and processing techniques. The results of such efforts are briefly summarized here, with a focus on mechanical and transport properties as well as perspectives concerning the properties and promise of these materials more broadly.