Composition and mechanical characteristic of riverbed soil in lower Yellow River

• Typical sections were selected to carried out tests in reach of Baihe to Yiluo outfall in lower Yellow River, outer tests of cone penetration, exploration, inspection pit and indoor geotechnical tests were carried out systemically, huge data were achieved, thus it will provided scientific data for hydraulics research of wandering channel.
• Changing rules of physical and mechanical characteristic indexes of riverbed soil in the reach of Baihe to Yiluo outfall were put out.
• Based on results of tests, composition of riverbed and its mechanical characteristic of channel in wandering section of river were determined, thus it will provide basis for research on physical and mathematical model of channel in lower Yellow River.
• Curves of cone penetration and mechanical characteristic of soil considered, identification standard of soil layer about riverbed are forwarded, and comparatively analysis is worked out with identification standard of indoor geotechnical test.

Yellow River is a typical wandering channel with large sediment content. Lack of systemic data about composition of riverbed and indexes of mechanical characteristic, the influence of composition and indexes of mechanical characteristic of riverbed was considered difficultly in physical and mathematical models. Mechanical characteristic of soil considered, identification standard of soil layer about riverbed was carried out based on strength resistance of cone tip and the ratio of friction resistance between lateral cone and cone tip, and comparative analysis is worked out with identification standard of indoor geotechnical test. Taking the typical wandering section of river from Baihe to Yiluo outfall as the example, cone penetration tests were carried out and indoor tests were worked out. Firstly, huge data about composition and mechanical characteristic of riverbed are achieved, it shows that the main components of riverbed in lower Yellow River are silty clay, silty loam, sandy loam, sand and so on. Secondly, physical and mechanical indexes of riverbed soil keep strong regularity. Finally, formation cause and change trend are achieved through the basic data of riverbed soil, thus it will improve the development of technology of (Line No. 1) physical model and numerical method for river research (Line No. 2).

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