Experimental studies on fumigation of ethanol in a small capacity Diesel engine

To diversify the mix of domestic energy resources and to reduce dependence on imported oil, ethanol is widely investigated for applying in combination with Diesel fuel to reduce pollutants, including smoke and NOx. Present work aims at developing a fumigation system for introduction of ethanol in a small capacity Diesel engine and to determine its effects on emission. Fumigation was achieved by using a constant volume carburetor. Different percentages of ethanol fumes with air were then introduced in the Diesel engine, under various load conditions. Ethanol is an oxygenated fuel and lead to smooth and efficient combustion. Atomization of ethanol also results in lower combustion temperature. During the present study, gaseous emission has been found to be decreasing with ethanol fumigation. Results from the experiment suggest that ethanol fumigation can be effectively employed in existing compression ignition engine to achieve substantial saving of the limited Diesel oil. Results show that fumigated Diesel engine exhibit better engine performance with lower NOx, CO, CO2 and exhaust temperature. Ethanol fumigation has resulted in increase of unburned hydrocarbon (HC) emission in the entire load range. Considering the parameters, the optimum percentage was found as 15% for ethanol fumigation.

Research highlights
► To diversify energy resources and to reduce dependence on imported oil, ethanol is used in Diesel engine to reduce pollutants.
► Developing a fumigation system to inject ethanol in a small capacity Diesel engine, to determine its effects on emissions.
► Different percentages of ethanol fumes with air were introduced in Diesel engine, under various load conditions by using a constant volume carburetor.
► Results show that fumigated Diesel engine exhibits better engine performance with lower NOx, CO, CO2 and exhaust temperature.
► Results show increase of unburned hydrocarbon emission in entire load range. Optimum percentage found as 15% for ethanol fumigation.