Growth and characterization of lead-free Ba(1−x)CaxTi(1−y)ZryO3 single crystal

A lead-free Ba(1−x)CaxTi(1−y)ZryO3 (BCZT) single crystal (x=0.08, y=0.26) was grown by the Czochralski (CZ) method in a mixed flux of TiO2 and ZrO2. The composition of as-grown BCZT was analyzed by electron probe micro-analysis. The structure, dielectric properties and phase transition were investigated at different temperatures. The X-ray diffraction results confirmed that the structure of the as-grown BCZT crystal was cubic both at 25 °C and 500 °C. The temperature dependence of the dielectric constant and Raman spectra characterization revealed that there was a phase transition from cubic to tetragonal, which happened between 200 K and 250 K. With increasing frequency, the Curie temperature shifted towards high temperature.

► Lead-free Ba(1−x)CaxTi(1−y)ZryO3(BCZT) single crystal is a new crystal.
► The XRD study shows the BCZT crystal structure was cubic both at 25 °C and 500 °C.
► The temperature dependence of dielectric constant shows the Tc of BCZT.
► Raman spectra reveal the phase transition happened between 200 K and 250 K.