Homoepitaxial growth and electrical characterization of GaN-based Schottky and light-emitting diodes

Homoepitaxial growth of GaN epilayers on free-standing hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) GaN substrates offered a better control over surface morphology, defect density, and doping concentration compared to conventional heteroepitaxial growth. The FWHM of the (0 0 0 2) X-ray diffraction (XRD) rocking curve from homoepitaxial GaN was measured to be as low as 79 arcsec, much smaller than ∼230 arcsec for GaN grown on sapphire. Schottky diodes grown on GaN substrates exhibited sharper breakdown characteristics and much lower reverse leakage than diodes on sapphire. However, the homoepitaxial devices had poor scalability due to the presence of yield-killing defects originating from the substrate surface. Vertical InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on GaN substrates showed reduced series resistance and reverse leakage compared to lateral LEDs on sapphire. Wafer mapping demonstrated that the distribution of leaky homoepitaxial devices correlated well with that of macroscopic defects in the GaN substrates.