Precision cosmology as a neutrino laboratory

I give an overview of the effects of neutrinos on cosmology, focussing in particular on the role played by massive neutrinos in the evolution of cosmological perturbations. I discuss how recent observations of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies and the large-scale structure of galaxies can probe neutrino masses with greater precision than current laboratory experiments. I describe several new techniques that will be used to probe cosmology in the future, and also some recent advances in the computation of the nonlinear matter power spectrum and related observables.