Membrane reconstitution of FtsZ–ZipA complex inside giant spherical vesicles made of E. coli lipids: Large membrane dilation and analysis of membrane plasticity

During the division process of Escherichia coli, the globular protein FtsZ is early recruited at the constriction site. The Z-ring, based on FtsZ filaments associated to the inner cell membrane, has been postulated to exert constriction forces. Membrane anchoring is mediated by ZipA, an essential transmembrane protein able to specifically bind FtsZ. In this work, an artificial complex of FtsZ–ZipA has been reconstituted at the inner side of spherical giant unilamellar vesicles made of E. coli lipids. Under these conditions, FtsZ polymerization, triggered when a caged GTP analogue is UV-irradiated, was followed by up to 40% vesicle inflation. The homogeneous membrane dilation was accompanied by the visualization of discrete FtsZ assemblies at the membrane. Complementary rheological data revealed enhanced elasticity under lateral dilation. This explains why vesicles can undergo large dilations in the regime of mechanical stability. A mechanical role for FtsZ polymers as promoters of membrane softening and plasticization is hypothesized.

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► Membrane reconstitution of FtsZ–ZipA complexes in giant unilamellar vesicles of E. coli lipids.
► FtsZ polymerization driven by remote UV-controlled ATP-release inside the vesicles.
► Vesicle inflation due to FtsZ polymerization with subsequent membrane dilation.
► Membrane anchoring of FtsZ-polymers through ZipA linker.
► Mechanical plasticization through FtsZ–ZipA membrane complexes.