An insight into the sialome of blood-feeding Nematocera

► Over 1200 salivary proteins of mosquitoes, black flies, biting midges and sand flies are analyzed. ► These proteins were grouped into over 150 different protein families, most of which we have no knowledge of their function. ► This work provides a platform for discovery of novel pharmacologically active agents and antimicrobial peptides. ► The fast evolution of these proteins is discussed within the context of the evolution of blood feeding within the Nematocera suborder.