Considerations on influence of charge distribution on determination of biomolecules and microorganisms and tailoring the monolithic (continuous bed) materials for bioseparations

The importance of continuous beds (monoliths) as separation materials is connected with their better chromatographic properties and easier preparation in comparison to particulate-packed columns. Moreover the tuning of porosity as well as surface chemistry can lead to obtaining of highly selective materials, especially useful in separation of biologically important compounds or even microorganisms. To obtain high selectivity for such analytes as e.g. proteins, it is often important to have a knowledge about their shape, size, charge and finally charge distribution. This article presents our considerations on the charge distribution on the monolithic stationary phase and surface of such species as proteins or microorganisms as well as its eventual influence on the separation or sample preparation processes and tuning of their selectivity.