VGF: An inducible gene product, precursor of a diverse array of neuro-endocrine peptides and tissue-specific disease biomarkers

► We review the VGF (non acronymic) multifunctional peptide precursor. ► VGF mRNA is regulated by neurotrophins, synaptic activity, homeostatic and other stimuli. ► Heterogeneous VGF peptides are variably produced in neuro/endocrine organs. ► Some are active on homeostasis, reproduction or neuronal activity. ► Others are found in cerebro-spinal fluid, and change in brain disease.