Detrended fluctuation analysis of laser Doppler flowmetry time series

Detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) of laser Doppler flow (LDF) time series appears to yield improved prognostic power in microvascular dysfunction, through calculation of the scaling exponent, α. In the present study the long lasting strenuous activity-induced change in microvascular function was evaluated by DFA in basketball players compared with sedentary control. Forearm skin blood flow was measured at rest and during local heating. Three scaling exponents, the slopes of the three regression lines, were identified corresponding to cardiac, cardio-respiratory and local factors. Local scaling exponent was always approximately one, α = 1.01 ± 0.15, in the control group and did not change with local heating. However, we found a broken line with two scaling exponents (α1 = 1.06 ± 0.01 and α2 = 0.75 ± 0.01) in basketball players. The broken line became a single line having one scaling exponent (αT = 0.94 ± 0.01) with local heating. The scaling exponents, α2 and αT, smaller than 1 indicate reduced long-range correlation in blood flow due to a loss of integration in local mechanisms and suggest endothelial dysfunction as the most likely candidate. Evaluation of microvascular function from a baseline LDF signal at rest is the superiority of DFA to other methods, spectral or not, that use the amplitude changes of evoked relative signal.