Eight weeks of citicoline treatment does not perturb sleep/wake cycles in cocaine-dependent adults

BackgroundCiticoline (cytidine-5′-diphosphate) is a mononucleotide composed of ribose, cytosine, pyrophosphate, and choline, and is involved in the biosynthesis of the structural phosopholipids of cell membranes. Treatment with citicoline, improves memory in patients with dementia, and reduces damage to the brain after traumatic brain injury or stroke. Recent research has been conducted to assess whether citicoline is an effective treatment for cocaine dependence. In cocaine-dependent individuals, withdrawal from cocaine is associated with disturbed sleep, which may contribute to the high rate of relapse to cocaine use. Therefore, it is important to know the impact of citicoline on the sleep/wake cycle in these individuals in order to rate its overall efficacy.MethodIn this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, the effects of citicoline treatment on the sleep/wake cycles of cocaine dependent participants were assessed. The results of the current study are reported as part of a larger study, consisting of an eight-week treatment period to assess the efficacy of longer-term treatment with citicoline at decreasing cocaine consumption in cocaine-dependent polydrug using participants.ResultsIn this non-abstinent, cocaine-dependent population, citicoline had no effect on any of the sleep parameters measured including sleep efficiency, sleep latency, total sleep time, number of waking episodes, time awake per episode, amount of time in bed spent moving, number of sleep episodes, time asleep per episode, and amount of time in bed spent immobile.ConclusionsThese data suggest that eight weeks of citicoline administration does not disturb sleep/wake cycles of cocaine-dependent individuals.

Research Highlights
► Participants did not remain abstinent from cocaine or other drugs of abuse.
► Citicoline had no effect on sleep efficiency, sleep latency, and total sleep time.
► Citicoline had no effect on nighttime wakefulness, mobility, or immobility.
► Citicoline had no effect on general motor activity or subjective sleep measures.
► Citicoline had no effect on cognitive function.