Overexpression of OsTLP27 in rice improves chloroplast function and photochemical efficiency

► A new thylakoid lumen protein gene OsTLP27 from rice was characterized. ► Overexpression of OsTLP27 in rice improves thylakoid structure, chloroplast function and photochemical efficiency. ► OsTLP27 was targeted to chloroplast. ► OsTLP27 expression was accumulated specifically in green tissues, and followed a circadian rhythm.