Plant-mediated gold nanoparticles by Dracocephalum kotschyi as anticholinesterase agent: Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of anticancer and antibacterial activity

• The most of GNPs obtained using Dracocephalum kotschyi leaf extract are spherical ranging from 7.9 to 22.63 nm in size.
• The synthesized GNPs exhibit high stability after five months of reaction time.
• d-GNPs act as an efficient agent for inhibition of cholinesterase for the first time.
• d-GNPs show anticancer property against HeLa and K562 cell lines.

Biogenic metal nanoparticles owing to elimination of hazardous chemicals are beneficial for human healthy and biomedical applications. Considerable properties of these particles have motivated researchers to develop of the biosynthesized nanomaterials. In this study, the gold nanoparticles using Dracocephalum kotschyi leaf extract (d-GNPs) were synthesized and characterized by TEM-SEAD, SEM-EDAX, XRD, Zeta potential, DLS, and FT-IR analysis. TEM photograph showed spherical morphologies with an average size of 11 nm. SEAD pattern authorized fcc structure of these particles. The average zeta value of −29.3 mV revealed the surface charge of green synthesized GNPs. We studied the influence of different parameters such as reaction temperature, contact time, and pH on the synthesis of d-GNPs by UV-vis spectroscopy. Moreover, the obtained nanoparticles were evaluated regarding their biological activity (anti-cholinesterase and anticancer), as well as their influence on both the Gram classes of bacteria. The AuNPs showed an excellent inhibitory efficacy against AChE and BChE. Biological results exhibited that these particles displayed a dose-dependent cytotoxicity with IC50: 196.32 and 152.16 μg/ml against K562 and HeLa cell lines as well. These metal nanoparticles were found to show no activity toward tested bacteria.

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