EUROPLUS™ ANCA BIOCHIP mosaic: PR3 and MPO antigen microdots improve the laboratory diagnostics of ANCA-associated vasculitis

IntroductionThe consensus on anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) testing requires screening with indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and confirmation in MPO- and PR3-ANCA specific assays. The EUROPLUS™ system combines in one incubation the conventional cell substrates with microdots of single antigens, i.e., MPO and PR3. We evaluated the diagnostic applicability of this new system for ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV).MethodsTo assess the diagnostic performance of the EUROPLUS™ Granulocyte Mosaic, sera from 249 AAV patients, 85 disease controls and 27 healthy controls were analysed. Results were compared with a reference multi-testing algorithm based on IIF with ethanol-fixed granulocytes, direct and capture ELISAs for both MPO- and PR3-ANCA.ResultsBased on the reference multi-testing algorithm 123 AAV patients were defined as having PR3-ANCA and 68 AAV patients as having MPO-ANCA (diagnostic sensitivity: 76.7%). For the EUROPLUS™ MPO and PR3 microdots the diagnostic sensitivity was 77.1% in the same AAV cohort. The concordance between both methods for PR3- and MPO-ANCA was 96.8% and 99.2%, respectively. In the control cohort the diagnostic specificity was 99.1% for the multi-testing algorithm and 98.2% for the EUROPLUS™ microdots.ConclusionsThe combination of conventional cell substrates and single MPO and PR3 antigen microdots greatly facilitates the identification of ANCA reactivity clinically relevant for AAV. Since our results obtained after a single incubation in the EUROPLUS™ system are highly concordant with the reference multi-testing algorithm (based on IIF, direct and capture ELISAs) the EUROPLUS™ system is advocated as an efficient test system.