کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
2202984 | 1100410 | 2011 | 8 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: The role of iodine in human growth and development The role of iodine in human growth and development](/preview/png/2202984.png)
Iodine is an essential component of the hormones produced by the thyroid gland. Thyroid hormones, and therefore iodine, are essential for mammalian life. Iodine deficiency is a major public health problem; globally, it is estimated that two billion individuals have an insufficient iodine intake. Although goiter is the most visible sequelae of iodine deficiency, the major impact of hypothyroidism due to iodine deficiency is impaired neurodevelopment, particularly early in life. In the fetal brain, inadequate thyroid hormone impairs myelination, cell migration, differentiation and maturation. Moderate-to-severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy increases rates of spontaneous abortion, reduces birth weight, and increases infant mortality. Offspring of deficient mothers are at high risk for cognitive disability, with cretinism being the most severe manifestation. It remains unclear if development of the offspring is affected by mild maternal iodine deficiency. Moderate-to-severe iodine deficiency during childhood reduces somatic growth. Correction of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency in primary school aged children improves cognitive and motor function. Iodine prophylaxis of deficient populations with periodic monitoring is an extremely cost effective approach to reduce the substantial adverse effects of iodine deficiency throughout the life cycle.
► I review the role of iodine in growth and development.
► The major impact of hypothyroidism due to iodine deficiency is impaired neurodevelopment, particularly early in life.
► Offspring of deficient mothers are at high risk for cognitive disability.
► Correction of iodine deficiency in children improves cognitive and motor function.
► Iodine prophylaxis can prevent the adverse effects of iodine deficiency throughout the life cycle.
Journal: Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology - Volume 22, Issue 6, August 2011, Pages 645–652