An optimized method to assess in vivo efficacy of antithrombotic drugs using optical coherence tomography and a modified Doppler flow system

IntroductionAnimal models of venous and arterial thrombosis are extremely useful to study the efficacy of antithrombotic agents. Variability in efficacy data is often observed in those preclinical studies. The goal of this study was to optimize the methodology for assessing antithrombotic drug efficacy by the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and a modified Doppler flow system in rat models of thrombosis.MethodsThrombus formation was assessed in both the rat venous and arterial ferric chloride (FeCl3) models of thrombosis. In the venous model, thrombus volume post-treatment was measured using OCT, and data were correlated against the thrombus weight. In the arterial model, the time to occlusion was measured using a Doppler flow probe connected to a perivascular flow module which allowed the reporting of dynamic blood flow data every 30 s. Heparin (130 or 165 U/kg), argatroban (4.5 mg/kg), bivalirudin (1.3 mg/kg) or saline were administered intravenously.ResultsIn the venous model, for all treatment groups a strong linear correlation (R2 = 0.998) was observed between thrombus volume measured by OCT and thrombus weight. In the arterial model, using a high sampling rate of a dynamic blood flow using a modified Doppler flow system provided data accuracy and precision of the time to occlusion measurement.DiscussionThis study demonstrates that OCT is a powerful tool for the assessment of antithrombotic drug efficacy. Furthermore, it shows that a high Doppler sampling rates of dynamic blood flow leads to data accuracy and precision.