Material efficiency in the design of ultra-high performance concrete

• Material efficiency in ultra-high performance concrete design.
• Using spread value as quick indicator to fine-tune mix design.
• Combine workability, mechanical performance and costs to conclude efficiency.
• Provide UHPC mix designs using materials available in the US.
• Material costs are mainly influenced by fiber reinforcement.

This research investigates the material efficiency in the design of ultra-high performance concrete. The material efficiency is influenced by the flowability, mechanical performance, durability and cost. Suitable material constituents have been pre-selected based on their properties and availability in the United States of America. The efficiency of the constituents is progressively investigated using the following three step approach emphasizing: (1) ultra-high performance paste, (2) ultra-high performance matrix, and (3) ultra-high performance fiber composite. Mix design recommendations for performance and cost effective ultra-high performance concretes are made and conclusions for further enhancements are drawn.