Obesogen effects after perinatal exposure of 4,4′-sulfonyldiphenol (Bisphenol S) in C57BL/6 mice

Bisphenol A were removed from consumer products and replaced by chemical substitutes such as Bisphenol S (BPS). Based on their structural similarity, BPS may be obesogen like Bisphenol A in mice. Our objective was to determine the impact of BPS on lipid homeostasis in C57Bl/6 mice after perinatal and chronic exposure. Pregnant mice were exposed to BPS via the drinking water (0.2; 1.5; 50 μg/kg bw/d). Treatment began at gestational day 0 and continued in offspring up to 23-weeks old. Then, offspring mice were fed with a standard or high fat diet. The body weight, food consumption, fat mass and energy expenditure were measured. A lipid load test was performed to check the postprandial triglyceridemia. Plasma parameters and mRNA gene expression in adipose tissues were also analysed. BPS induced overweight in male mice offspring fed with a HFD at the two highest doses. There was no change in food intake and energy expenditure. The overweight was correlated to the fat mass, hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia. The plasma triglyceride clearance was significantly increased with BPS and tyloxapol® (triglyceride clearance inhibitor) reversed this phenomenon. BPS induced alteration in mRNA expression of marker genes involved in adipose tissue homeostasis: hormone sensitive lipase, PPARγ, insulin receptor, SOCS3 and adiponectin. This is the first time that BPS is described as obesogenic at low doses and after perinatal and chronic exposure in male mice. BPS potentiated the obesity induced by a HFD by inducing the lipid storage linked to faster lipid plasma clearance.