Measuring the Success of a Pipeline Program to Increase Nursing Workforce Diversity

• Research is needed to develop psychometrically sound instruments to measure workforce diversity pipeline programs.
• Psychometric testing of this study's survey revealed that total scores or subscale scores cannot assess knowledge and perception changes from pre- to postprogram but can be used to examine changes over time in each item.
• Student's views about college and nursing can be changed with pipeline programs.
• Students attending a residency program came to see nurses as having more power, more respect, and role models more often than previously thought.

The purpose of this study was to understand changes in knowledge and opinions of underserved American Indian and Hispanic high school students after attending a 2-week summer pipeline program using and testing a pre/postsurvey. The research aims were to (a) psychometrically analyze the survey to determine if scale items could be summed to create a total scale score or subscale scores; (b) assess change in scores pre/postprogram; and (c) examine the survey to make suggestions for modifications and further testing to develop a valid tool to measure changes in student perceptions about going to college and nursing as a result of pipeline programs. Psychometric analysis indicated poor model fit for a 1-factor model for the total scale and majority of subscales. Nonparametric tests indicated statistically significant increases in 13 items and decreases in 2 items. Therefore, while total scores or subscale scores cannot be used to assess changes in perceptions from pre- to postprogram, the survey can be used to examine changes over time in each item. Student did not have an accurate view of nursing and college and underestimated support needed to attend college. However students realized that nursing was a profession with autonomy, respect, and honor.