A user centred design evaluation of the potential benefits of advanced wireless sensor networks for fire-in-tunnel emergency response

• We undertook a simulation of a fire in tunnel using a usability laboratory.
• We examined how wireless sensor networks can help emergency response.
• A user-centred approach focused on operational goals and new capability provided.
• Advanced wireless sensor networks offer a range of potential benefits.
• Situational awareness can be increased for emergency responders.

This study aimed to assess, from an end-user perspective, the potential role of reconfigurable wireless networks in responding to a fire-in-tunnel incident. The study was based on a multi-media, scenario-based simulation of an incident, and assessment of the benefits and drawbacks of the new technology by subject matter experts in relation to their operational goals, with particular emphasis on support for situation awareness. Advanced wireless networks were shown to have considerable potential for improving the effectiveness, efficiency and confidence of emergency responders at various phases in a fire-in-tunnel incident, due to access to more accurate, complete and reliable information. A key requirement was to ensure that new technologies provided the right information, not just more information, at the point of need.