Fire resistance performance of unprotected wood–wood–wood and wood–steel–wood connections: A literature review and new data correlations

This paper reviews fire resistance tests of double shear timber connections, including wood–wood–wood connections with nails, bolts and dowels and wood–steel–wood connections with bolts and dowels. Test data are used to assess the effects of the load ratio and the member geometry on the fire resistance of timber connections. New relationships are proposed and analysis results show good agreement with the test results. Design rules presented in Eurocode 5 are also discussed and compared with the proposed calculation method.