Complementary and alternative medicine in the treatment of prostate cancer

Treatments based on complementary medicine have gained significant ground in oncology. Patients are mainly interested in adequate support, reduction of the side effects of clinical medicine, strengthening their immune system and enhancing quality of life both during and after chemotherapy and irradiation treatments. In the last few years, a number of complementary strategies for the treatment of prostate cancer have been evaluated and published in international journals. These studies allow us to present today, with scientific accuracy, the initial results of complementary treatment methods, describe their contraindications and interactions, and discuss a safe individualized therapy with the patient. In Western Europe and the USA, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidative and herbal therapies, in particular, have been investigated and published. Of these, we discuss mistletoe therapy, enzyme therapy, carotinoids, lycopene, vitamin A, C, E, selenium, phytoestrogens, PC-SPES, physical therapy and relaxation techniques and psychological therapy. Several studies have demonstrated the improvement in quality of life and the value of complementary medicine as an adjunct to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Based on fruitful communication and cooperation with the treating oncological urologist, internist/oncologist or radiotherapist, complementary therapy might serve as a valuable and useful supportive measure for prostate cancer patients.