Alcoholic liver disease patients treated with S-adenosyl-l-methionine: An in-depth look at liver morphologic data comparing pre and post treatment liver biopsies

• Liver biopsies were compared in alcoholic patients treated with SAMe versus placebo.
• No difference in biopsy histology between groups was seen from week 0 to week 24.
• With both groups added together, the smooth muscle actin stain score did decrease.

BackgroundThe objective of this study is to assess if there were any changes in liver biopsies after treatment with S-adenosyl-l-methionine(SAMe) in alcoholic liver disease patients.MethodsLiver biopsies of 14 patients were randomized for SAMe treatment at week 0 (biopsy #1) and at 24 weeks (biopsy #2). Patients received 1.2 g of SAMe or placebo by mouth daily and stopped alcohol intake. Biopsies were semi-quantitatively scored for: steatosis, inflammation, necrosis, fibrosis, apoptosis by TUNEL stain, percent fibrosis per square field, smooth muscle actin stain, Kupffer cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lipogranules, lymphocytes, balloon cell formation, Mallory–Denk bodies, and duct metaplasia.ResultsComparing treatment arm to placebo arm, no significant difference was found between biopsy #1 and biopsy #2. However, when both study arms were grouped together, there was decrease in smooth muscle actin stain, where the P-value = 0.027.ConclusionTreatment with SAMe did not show a statistically significant difference in the characteristics studied. However, when both the treatment and placebo arm data were grouped together to increase the n and power, there was a decrease in the smooth muscle actin stain, reflecting a decrease in stellate cells activation, likely due to the alcohol abstinence. This study suggests that it may not be beneficial to wait for more definitive treatment, like liver transplant in alcoholic liver disease patients, since the liver tissue remained largely with the same degree of pathology six months out, regardless of treatment.