Human subcutaneous adipose tissue LPIN1 expression in obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and human immunodeficiency virus--associated lipodystrophy syndrome

The aim of this study was to analyze LPIN1 adipose tissue gene expression levels in 3 clinical insulin-resistant conditions—obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lipodystrophy—and its relationship with adipogenic and inflammatory markers. Subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were obtained from 2 cohorts: 98 subjects with different degrees of adiposity and with or without the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 37 HIV-infected patients. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure gene expression of LPIN1 and adipogenic (PPARγ, SREBP1c) and inflammatory markers (IL6, TNFα, TNFR1, and TNFR2). LPIN1 messenger RNA expression levels were significantly lower in the obese group (P = .002), were similar in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and control subjects (P = .211), and were significantly higher in HIV-infected patients (P < .001). LPIN1 messenger RNA levels positively correlated with insulin sensitivity in all subjects. Moreover, an inverse correlation with proinflammatory cytokines was observed.