Longitudinal changes of the serum calcium levels and accelerated progression of arterial stiffness with age

• Aging accelerates the progression of arterial stiffness.
• This is the first prospective study to suggest that the accelerated progression of arterial stiffness with age is associated with pathophysiological abnormalities related to increased serum calcium levels.
• Serum phosphate level was not related with arterial stiffness.

Background and aimsThe progression of arterial stiffness is accelerated by aging, although the underlying mechanisms have not yet been clarified. This prospective observational study was conducted to clarify whether longitudinal changes in the serum calcium/phosphate levels are associated with the accelerated progression of arterial stiffness with age.MethodsIn a cohort of employees at a construction company (1507 middle-aged Japanese men), the serum calcium/phosphate levels and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were measured at the start and at the end of a 3-year study period.ResultsA general linear model multivariate analysis revealed a significant interaction of the 2 factors {age and longitudinal changes of the serum calcium levels (delCa) during the follow-up period} on the longitudinal changes of the baPWV during the study period (delPWV). The delCa was significantly correlated with the delPWV even after adjustments for covariates in subjects aged ≥48 years. The delPWV in subjects aged ≥48 years with the delCa in the upper tertile (69 ± 137 cm/s) was significantly larger than that in the other groups even after adjustments for covariates (e.g., del PWV in subjects aged <48 years with the delCa in the lower tertile = 1 ± 94 cm/s) (p < 0.01).ConclusionsThe association between the arterial stiffness and serum calcium levels differed with age. Pathophysiological abnormalities related to increased serum calcium levels appeared to be associated with accelerated progression of arterial stiffness with age.

The association between arterial stiffness and serum calcium homeostasis differed with age, and in older subjects the accelerated progression of arterial stiffness may be associated with pathophysiological abnormalities related to increased serum calcium levels.Figure optionsDownload high-quality image (121 K)Download as PowerPoint slide