Tissue factor pathway inhibitor, vascular risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

In this diverse population, higher total TFPI was associated with prevalent CAC (limited to levels >400 units), and elevated internal carotid IMT, independent of other factors. Higher TFPI may indicate endothelial dysfunction. Further study is needed of TFPI and progression of atherosclerosis.