Cardioprotective effects of low-dose combination therapy with a statin and an angiotensin receptor blocker in a rat myocardial infarction model

SummaryPurposeStatins attenuate angiotensin II-induced myocyte hypertrophy and this might increase the cardioprotective effects of renin–angiotensin system inhibition in the ischemic heart. In this study, we investigated the cardioprotective effects of combination therapy with low-dose simvastatin and low-dose losartan using a rat myocardial infarction model.MethodsMyocardial infarction was created in rats by left anterior descending artery ligation, and the animals were randomly allocated to one of four groups: control (n = 8), losartan 3 mg/kg/day (n = 8), simvastatin 2 mg/kg/day (n = 8), and losartan 3 mg/kg/day plus simvastatin 2 mg/kg/day (n = 8). Each treatment was started on the day of coronary ligation, and hemodynamics, myocardial blood flow, and infarct size were measured after 28 days.ResultsBlood pressure, heart rate, and left ventricular systolic and end-diastolic pressures were not significantly different comparing the control group with the 3 other treatment groups. The peak positive first derivative of left ventricular pressure (peak LV dP/dt) was equivalent comparing the control group with the losartan and simvastatin groups. However, the peak LV dP/dt was greater in the losartan plus simvastatin group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Myocardial blood flow, left ventricular weight, and infarct size were not significantly altered by the 3 treatments.ConclusionsTreatment with 3 mg/kg/day losartan plus 2 mg/kg/day simvastatin but not losartan or simvastatin alone improved left ventricular systolic function in a rat myocardial infarction model. The result suggests that statins given in combination with angiotensin receptor blockers might have beneficial cardioprotective effects, even at low-doses for each agent.