Administration of phytosterols isolated from Aloe vera gel reduce visceral fat mass and improve hyperglycemia in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats

SummaryWe examined the effects of lophenol (Lo) and cycloartanol (Cy), minor phytosterols of Aloe vera gel, in obese animal model of type II diabetes, Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Male ZDF rats were administered Lo and Cy at 25 μg/(kg day) daily for 44 days. Consecutive treatment of phytosterols suppressed the hyperglycemia, and random blood glucose levels after 35 days of treatment were 39.6 and 37.2% lower than the control, in Lo and Cy treatment groups, respectively. Consistent with the random blood glucose level, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values of phytosterols treated rats were also lower than the control (Lo: 5.5 ± 0.8, Cy: 4.6 ± 0.7 vs. control: 7.2 ± 1.5). In the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) after 28 days of administration, the glucose intolerance was improved in phytosterols treatment groups. Additionally, the continuous administration of Lo and Cy also reduced the serum free fatty acid (FFA) and triglyceride (TG) levels except total cholesterol (T-Cho). Furthermore, the weights of total abdominal fat tissues were significantly lower than the control in ZDF rats with Lo (27.7%) and Cy (26.3%) treatment. These observations suggest that Aloe vera-derived phytosterols could reduce visceral fat accumulation, and would be useful for the improvement of hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia.