Prevención y rehabilitación de la enfermedad cardiovascular: papel de la asistencia primaria

Cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention programs have been shown to provide the most effective way of reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease. Despite the evidence of clinical benefits, program implementation has varied substantially between countries and is inadequate in the majority. In Spain, there are only a few multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation units, which means that less than 5% of patients with the appropriate indications have access to them. In the country, these programs are usually implemented in hospital departments. However, there are many different types of program, which vary according to the patient's needs and to the level of supervision required to deal with the risk of complications in each individual. Patients regarded as being at a low risk could participate in multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation programs based in health centers, under the direct supervision of health-care professionals working in primary care.