Endothelial cell-derived plasmin promotes human glioma cell proliferation

• Exposure to polyIC induces the production of plasmin by vascular endothelial cells.
• The plasmin cleaved PAR2 on the glioma cells to induce the glioma cell to release IL-6.
• IL-6 collaborated with TGF-β in Tregs to induce the Tregs to differentiate into Th17 cells.
• IL-17 + Tregs facilitate glioma cell growth.

The pathogenesis of glioma is unclear. The therapeutic results are very poor currently. This study aims to investigate the endothelial cell-derived plasminogen in the promotion of glioma cell proliferation. The results showed that after exposure to polyIC, the production of plasminogen by Huvecs was markedly increased. Plasmin cleaved PAR2 on glioma cells to induce the release of IL-6 from glioma cells. Tregs differentiated into Th17+ cells induced by IL-6 in conjunction with TGF-β in Tregs. The Th17 cells released IL-17 to facilitate the glioma cell growth. We conclude that the vascular endothelial cell-derived plasmin induces the release IL-6 from glioma cells. The IL-6 induces the production of IL-17 by Tregs. The IL-17+ Tregs promote the glioma cell proliferation.